Mahabharata Tatparya Nirnaya: Chapter 4: Part 2

प्रगृह्य पाणिं च नृपात्मजाया रराज राजीवसमाननेत्रः ।
यथा पुरा सागरजासमेतः सुरासुराणाममृताब्धिमन्थने ॥ ३६॥

36 Just like how previously, during the churning of the ocean by Suras and Asuras for Amruta, He had united with Lakshmi, similarly Lord Rama, who has lotus like eyes, held the hands of the King’s daughter and appeared resplendent.

स्वलङ्कृतास्तत्र विचेरुरङ्गना विदेहराजस्य च या हि योषितः ।
मुदा समेतं रमया रमापतिं विलोक्य रामाय ददौ धनं नृपः ॥ ३७॥

37 The wives of the King of Videha, along with other women, had decorated themselves a lot and were roaming around everywhere; Seeing Lord Rama, along with Ramaa, the King was extremely happy and offered a lot of wealth to Him.

प्रियाणि वस्त्राणि रथान् सकुञ्जरान् परार्द्ध्यरत्नान्यखिलस्य चेशितुः ।
ददौ च कन्यात्रयमुत्तमं मुदा तदा स रामावरजेभ्य एव ॥ ३८॥

38 King Janaka then gave a lot of clothes, elephants, chariots, Indraneela and other jewels and other precious gifts to Lord Rama; He also gave three brides to Lord Rama’s brothers.

Note: Janaka’s other daughter Urmila married Lakshmana. His brother Kushadhwaja’s daughters Mandavi and Shrutakeerti married Bharata and Shatrugna respectively.

महोत्सवं तं त्वनुभूय देवता नराश्च सर्वे प्रययुर्यथागतम् ।
पिता च रामस्य सुतैः समन्वितो ययावयोध्यां स्वपुरीं मुदा ततः ॥ ३९॥

39 After that, all the devatas and the ordinary humans who had come there, fully enjoyed the festivities and left for their own abodes as happily as they had come there; King Dasharatha who was filled with joy left towards Ayodhya, along with his sons.

तदन्तरे सोऽथ ददर्श भार्गवं सहस्रलक्षामितभानुदीधितिम् ।
विभासमानं निजरश्मिमण्डले धनुर्धरं दीप्तपरश्वधायुधम् ॥ ४०॥

40 In the middle of their way, Dasharatha saw Lord Parashurama, who had taken avatara in the lineage of Sage Bhrugu; He was shining like the radiance of a thousand, a lakh, or infinite number of Suns; He was resplendent with the rays of His natural radiance; He was holding the Shranga bow in His hand; He held a shining axe as His weapon.

अजानतां राघवमादिपूरुषं समागतं ज्ञापयितुं निदर्शनैः ।
समाह्वयन्तं रघुपं स्पृधेव नृपो ययाचे प्रणिपत्य भीतः ॥ ४१॥

41 In order to show the people, through examples, that Lord Rama is the “Primordial Being”, Lord Parashurama came over there; He invited Him to a battle, as if He was in a competition; The King bowed to Him and pleaded out of fear.

न मे सुतं हन्तुमिहार्हसि प्रभो वयोगतस्येत्युदितः स भार्गवः ।
सुतत्रयं ते प्रददामि राघवं रणे स्थितं द्रष्टुमिहाऽऽगतोऽस्म्यहम् ॥ ४२॥

42 “O Parashurama, the One who is fully capable! I am extremely aged; My son is still very young; You should not kill Him”; To this Parashurama replied “I shall give you three sons; But I have come here only to face Rama in battle”.

स इत्थमुक्त्वा नृपतिं रघूत्तमं भृगूत्तमः प्राह निजां तनुं हरिः ।
अभेदमज्ञेष्वभिदर्शयन् परं पुरातनोऽहं हरिरेष इत्यपि ॥ ४३॥

43 “There is no difference between me and Him; I am the primordial Hari; He too is the same” – In order to teach this message to the ignorant, Parashurama, the best in the lineage of Bhrugu spoke thus to the King; He then spoke to Rama, the best in the lineage of Raghu.

शृणुष्व राम त्वमिहोदितं मया धनुर्द्वयं पूर्वमभून्महाद्भुतम् ।
उमापतिस्त्वेकमधारयत् ततो रमापतिश्चापरमुत्तमोत्तमम् ॥ ४४॥

44 “O Rama! Listen to what I say; Previously, two excellent bows were created; One was taken by the Lord of Uma, Shiva, and the other bow, which was even better, was taken by the Lord of Ramaa, Hari”

तदा तु लोकस्य निदर्शनार्थिभिः समर्थितौ तौ हरिशङ्करौ सुरैः ।
रणस्थितौ वां प्रसमीक्षितुं वयं समर्थयामोऽत्र निदर्शनार्थिनः ॥ ४५॥

45 “Then, in order to create the impression of the truth on people, all the devatas prayed to Hari and Shankara; We are desirous of knowing the truth and therefore pray to you to please engage in a duel”

ततो हि युद्धाय रमेशशङ्करौ व्यवस्थितौ तौ धनुषी प्रगृह्य ।
यतोऽन्तरस्यैष नियामको हरिस्ततो हरोऽग्रेऽस्य शिलोपमोऽभवत् ॥ ४६॥

46 “After that, both Lord Ramesha and Shankara picked up those bows and got ready for battle; Since even in the heart of Hara, it is Lord Hari who resides and causes him to do all activity, Hara became stunned like an idol in front of Lord Hari”

शशाक नैवाथ यदाऽभिवीक्षितुं प्रस्पन्दितुं वा कुत एव योद्धुम् ।
शिवस्तदा देवगणः समस्ताः शशंसुरुच्चैर्जगतो हरेर्बलम् ॥ ४७॥

47 “Then, Shiva could not even lift his eyes and see, nor could he gather any strength even to walk; What then to say about him engaging in battle; Then, all the groups of devatas starting describing the great strength of Lord Hari to the world”

यदीरणेनैव विनैष शङ्करः शशाक न प्रश्वसितुं च केवलम् ।
किमत्र वक्तव्यमतो हरेर्बलं हरात् परं सर्वत एव चेति ॥ ४८॥

48 “Shankara could not even breathe without the inspiration of Lord Hari from within; That being the case, need it be even said separately that Lord Hari is stronger than Hara and that His strength much more than anyone else?”

ततः प्रणम्याऽऽशु जनार्दनं हरः प्रसन्नदृष्ट्या हरिणाऽभिवीक्षितः ।
जगाम कैलासममुष्य तद् धनुस्त्वया प्रभग्नं किल लोकसन्निधौ ॥ ४९॥

49 “After that, Hara bowed down to Lord Hari; He glanced at him with a smiling face and blessed him; Hara left to Kailasa after that; The bow that you broke in front of all people is that same bow of Shiva”

धनुर्यदन्यद्धरिहस्तयोग्यं तत्कार्मुकात् कोटिगुणं पुनश्च ।
वरं हि हस्ते तदिदं गृहीतं मया गृहाणैतदतो हि वैष्णवम् ॥ ५०॥

50 “The bow that is fit for Lord Hari’s hands (Shranga) is a crore times better than the bow of Shiva; That Vaishnava bow is what is held by me now; Therefore, you take this now”

यदीदमागृह्य विकर्षसि त्वं तदा हरिर्नात्र विचार्यमस्ति ।
इति ब्रुवाणः प्रददौ धनुर्वरं प्रदर्शयत् विष्णुबलं हराद् वरम् ॥ ५१॥

51 “If you lift this bow, then you are Lord Hari Himself; There will be no doubt about it” – Saying thus, Lord Parashurama gave that excellent Shranga bow to Lord Rama, in order to show the world that the strength of Lord Hari is superior to that of Hara.

प्रगृह्य तच्चापवरं स राघवश्चकार सज्यं निमिषेण लीलया ।
चकर्ष सन्धाय शरं च पश्यतः समस्तलोकस्य च संशयं नुदन् ॥ ५२॥

52 Lord Rama took that excellent bow and lifted it within a fraction of time; In order to clear the doubts of those who were watching, he placed an arrow in it and pulled the string.

प्रदर्शिते विष्णुबले समस्ततो हराच्च निःसङ्ख्यतया महाधिके ।
जगाद मेघौघगभीरया गिरा स राघवं भार्गव आदिपूरुषः ॥ ५३॥

53 In this way, the strength of Lord Vishnu, which is infinitely more than the strength of Hara, was revealed by Lord Rama; Then, Lord Parashurama, who is the primordial Being Himself, spoke in a thunder-like voice to Lord Rama.

अलं बलं ते जगतोऽखिलाद् वरं परोऽसि नारायण एव नान्यथा ।
विसर्जयस्वेह शरं तपोमये महासुरे लोकमये वराद् विभोः ॥ ५४॥

54 “Your strength is more than that of the entire Universe; It is complete; You are verily the Supreme Being Narayana; Definitely, you are none other; You release the arrow towards that Maha Rakshasa who has spread throughout the world due to the boon of Brahma”

पुरोऽतुलो नाम महासुरोऽभवद् वरात् स तु ब्रह्मण आप लोकताम् ।
पुनश्च तं प्राह जगद्गुरुर्यदा हरिर्जितः स्याद्धि तदैव वध्यसे ॥ ५५॥

55 “There was a Rakshasa named Atula; He obtained control over the world due to the boon of Brahma; After granting the boon, the guru of the world Brahma told him thus ‘You will die when Lord Hari faces defeat’ ”

अतो वधार्थं जगदन्तकस्य सर्वाजितोऽहं जितवद् व्यवस्थितः ।
इतीरिते लोकमये स राघवो मुमोच बाणं जगदन्तकेऽसुरे ॥ ५६॥

56 “In order to destroy that Daitya, I, the One without defeat, behaved as if I was defeated” – After Lord Parashurama spoke thus, Lord Rama released the arrow at that Rakshasa, who had spread all over the world and was causing the destruction of the world.

पुरा वरोऽनेन शिवोपलम्भितो मुमुक्षया विष्णुतनुप्रवेशनम् ।
स तेन रामोदरगो बहिर्गतस्तदाज्ञयैवाऽऽशु बभूव भस्मसात् ॥ ५७॥

57 Long ago, that Asura had obtained a boon from Shiva, in order to obtain Moksha, and had asked “I should enter the body of Lord Vishnu”; Therefore, he was in the navel region of Lord Parashurama; He then came out quickly due to the order of Lord Parashurama and was instantly burnt to ashes.

इतीव रामाय स राघवः शरं विकर्षमाणो विनिहत्य चासुरम् ।
तपस्तदीयं प्रवदन् मुमोद तदीयमेव ह्यभवत् समस्तम् ॥ ५८॥

58 Lord Rama released that arrow as if He was aiming it at Lord Parashurama and killed that Asura; He appeared to be happy claiming to have destroyed the Tapas of Lord Parashurama; Doesn’t He own everything in this world?

निरन्तरानन्तविबोधसारः स जानमानोऽखिलमादिपूरुषः ।
वदञ्छृणोतीव विनोदतो हरिः स एक एव द्वितनुर्मुमोद ॥ ५९॥

59 Lord Hari is without a second and is supreme due to His knowledge and bliss; He is the Supreme Being; He existed before all and is the primordial Being; He knows everything at all times; Therefore, he plays a game appearing to talk through one form and listen through another form; Being the same in all forms, He enjoyed it all.

स चेष्टितं चैव निजाश्रयस्य जनस्य सत्तत्त्वविबोधकारणम् ।
विमोहकं चान्यतमस्य कुर्वन् चिक्रीड एकोऽपि नरान्तरे यथा ॥ ६०॥

60 His behavior is such that it causes the proper knowledge of the truth to those devotees who have resorted to Him; and causes illusion to those who are not qualified; In order to do so, He, though being one, behaved and enjoyed as if He was another human being.

ततः स कारुण्यनिधिर्निजे जने नितान्तमैक्यं स्वगतं प्रकाशयन् ।
द्विधेव भूत्वा भृगुवर्य आत्मना रघूत्तमेनैक्यमगात् समक्षम् ॥ ६१॥

61 Then, Lord Parashurama, who is like the ocean of kindness to His devotees, in order to show the lack of difference, merged visibly into the form of Lord Rama even though He was initially separate.

समेत्य चैक्यं जगतोऽभिपश्यतः प्रणुद्य शङ्कामखिलां जनस्य ।
प्रदाय रामाय धनुर्वरं तदा जगाम रामानुमतो रमापतिः ॥ ६२॥

62 As the world continued to watch, the Lord of Ramaa had united with Lord Rama in order to dispel all the doubts of His devotees; He gave that excellent bow to Lord Rama and left after taking His permission.

ततो नृपोऽत्यर्थमुदाऽभिपूरितः सुतैः समस्तैः स्वपुरीमवाप ह ।
रेमेऽथ रामोऽपि रमास्वरूपया तयैव राजात्मजया हि सीतया ॥ ६३॥

63 After that, the King, who was extremely pleased, entered his city along with his sons; Thereafter, Lord Rama lived joyfully with Sita, who was Ramaa herself who had taken avatara as the daughter of the King.

यथा पुरा श्रीरमणः श्रिया तया रतो नितान्तं हि पयोब्धिमध्ये ।
तथा त्वयोध्यापुरिगो रघूत्तमोऽप्युवास कालं सुचिरं रतस्तया ॥ ६४॥

64 Lord Rama, who is the Lord of Sri, just like how He lives joyfully in the middle of the milky ocean along with Mahalakshmi, lived joyfully along with Sita in the city of Ayodhya for a long time.

इमानि कर्माणि रघूत्तमस्य हरेर्विचित्राण्यपि नाद्भुतानि ।
दुरन्तशक्तेरथ चास्य वैभवं स्वकीयकर्तव्यतयाऽनुवर्ण्यते ॥ ६५॥

65 The activities of the best in the lineage of Raghu, Lord Rama, even though is very different, is not at all surprising given His unlimited capacity; We are describing His greatness here purely because it is a duty of ours.

|| इति श्रीमदानन्दतीर्थभगवत्पादाचार्यविरचिते श्रीमहाभारततात्पर्यनिर्णये रामावतारे अयोध्याप्रवेशो नाम चतुर्थोऽध्यायः ||

|| End of chapter 4, known as the Bala Kanda Kathaa Nirupana, from the Mahabharata Tatparya Nirnaya, composed by Srimadanandatirtha Bhagavatpada ||

|| Sri Krishnaarpanamastu ||

Mahabharata Tatparya Nirnaya: Chapter 4: Part 1

|| OM namo bhagavate vasudevaya OM ||

अथाभ्यवर्धंश्चतुराः कुमारा नृपस्य गेहे पुरुषोत्तमाद्याः ।
नित्यप्रवृद्धस्य च तस्य वृद्धिरपेक्ष्य लोकस्य हि मन्ददृष्टिम् ॥ १॥

1 After having taken avatara, the Supreme personality Lord Rama and the other smart sons of the King started growing well in the palatial homes. For the Lord who is forever complete in time, space and attributes, the growth was only in the blurred eyes of the worldly people.

निरीक्ष्य नित्यं चतुरः कुमारान् पिता मुदं सन्ततमाप चोच्चम् ।
विशेषतो राममुखेन्दुबिम्बमवेक्ष्य राजा कृतकृत्य आसीत् ॥ २॥

2 The father (Dasharatha) obtained the highest happiness watching his four sons daily; The King, glancing at the moon like face of Lord Rama, obtained bliss like joy.

तन्मातरः पौरजना अमात्या अन्तःपुरा वैषयिकाश्च सर्वे ।
अवेक्षमाणाः परमं पुमांसं स्वानन्दतृप्ता इव सम्बभूवुः ॥ ३॥

3 The mothers, city dwellers, ministers, ladies of the chambers and all other citizens were also very pleased and satisfied with inner happiness (at seeing the Lord).

ततः सुवंशे शशिनः प्रसूतो गाधीति शक्रस्तनुजोऽस्य चाऽसीत् ।
वरेण विप्रत्वमवाप योऽसौ विश्वस्य मित्रं स इहाऽजगाम ॥ ४॥

4 In the lineage of the glowing moon, Indra was born as ‘Gadhi’; He had a son named Vishwamitra; With the power of boons, he had become a Brahmin and was the well wisher of the world; He arrived at Ayodhya.

तेनार्थितो यज्ञरिरक्षयैव कृच्छ्रेण पित्राऽस्य भयाद् विसृष्टः ।
जगाम रामः सह लक्ष्मणेन सिद्धाश्रमं सिद्धजनाभिवन्द्यः ॥ ५॥

5 Lord Rama was prayed upon by Vishwamitra to protect his yagnas; Though the father was very scared, the Lord, who is worshipped by Siddhas, got sent along with the sage; Along with Lakshmana, He arrived at the hermitage of the Siddhas.

अनुग्रहार्थं स ऋषेरवाप सलक्ष्मणोऽस्त्रं मुनितो हि केवलम् ।
ववन्दिरे ब्रह्ममुखाः सुरेशास्तमस्त्ररूपाः प्रकटाः समेत्य ॥ ६॥

6 Only to bless Sage Vishwamitra, Lord Rama, along with Lakshmana, accepted Astras from the sage; Brahma and other devatas, who were the presiding dieties of those weapons, came down directly and bowed to Lord Rama.

अथो जघानाऽऽशु शरेण ताटकां वराद् विधातुस्तदनन्यवध्याम् ।
ररक्ष यज्ञं च मुनेर्निहत्य सुबाहुमीशानगिरा विमृत्युम् ॥ ७॥

7 After that, Lord Rama quickly killed the Rakshashi Thataka, who was indestructible by anyone apart from HIm due to Brahma’s boons, with his arrow; Subahu, who could not be killed by anyone due to Rudra’s boons, was killed by the Lord and consequently He protected the Yajna of Vishwamitra.

शरेण मारीचमथार्णवेऽक्षिपद् वचो विरिञ्चस्य तु मानयानः ।
अवध्यता तेन हि तस्य दत्ता जघान चान्यान् रजनीचरानथ ॥ ८॥

8 Lord Rama, in order to excuse the boon of Brahma, then threw Maricha into the ocean with his arrow; He had been granted the boon of indestructibility by Brahma; The Lord then killed other Rakshasas as well.

तदा विदेहेन सुतास्वयंवरो विघोषितो दिक्षु विदिक्षु सर्वशः ।
निधार्य तद् गाधिसुतानुयायी ययौ विदेहाननुजानुयातः ॥ ९॥

9 Around that time, the Swayamvara of Janaki had been proclaimed by King Janaka in every possible direction; Hearing that, the Lord, along with Lakshmana, followed the son of King Gadhi and went towards Videha.

अथो अहल्यां पतिनाऽभिशप्तां प्रधर्षणादिन्द्रकृताच्छिलीकृताम् ।
स्वदर्शनान्मानुषतामुपेतां सुयोजयामास स गौतमेन ॥ १०॥

10 Ahalya, who was cursed by her husband (Sage Goutama) due to Indra doing the drama of forcing himself on her, had turned into a stone idol; With the darshana of Lord Rama, she turned into a human again; Lord Rama united Ahalya with her husband Goutama once again.

बलं स्वभक्तेरधिकं प्रकाशयन्ननुग्रहं च त्रिदशेष्वतुल्यम् ।
अनन्यभक्तां च सुरेशकाङ्क्षया विधाय नारीं प्रययौ तयाऽर्चितः ॥ ११॥

11 Lord Rama, in order to show the world the greatness of devotion and the incomparable grace of devatas, reverted the great devotee Ahalya into a lady, as per the request of Indra; He left after being worshipped by her.

श्यामावदाते जगदेकसारे स्वनन्तचन्द्राधिककान्तिकान्ते ।
सहानुजे कार्मुकबाणपाणौ पुरीं प्रविष्टे तुतुषुर्विदेहजाः ॥ १२॥

12 Lord Rama, who was resplendent and had a blue hue, was shining like the Indra Neela gem; He is the Supreme One in this world; He had a glow which was more than that of innumerable moons and was charming; He was holding the bow and arrow in His hand; As soon as He entered the city along with His brother, He brought immense joy to the dwellers of Videha.

पपुर्नितान्तं सरसाक्षिभृङ्गैर्वराननाब्जं पुरुषोत्तमस्य ।
विदेहनारीनरवर्यसङ्घा यथा महापूरुषिकास्तदङ्घ्रिम् ॥ १३॥

13 The groups of noble men and women of Videha looked at the best amongst men and absorbed the joy of seeing His lotus like face with their eyes just like bees; It was just like how great devotees look at the feet of the Lord.

तथा विदेहः प्रतिलभ्य रामं सहस्रनेत्रावरजं गविष्ठम् ।
समर्चयामास सहानुजं तमृषिं च साक्षाज्ज्वलनप्रकाशम् ॥ १४॥

14 Then, King Janaka worshipped Lord Rama, the brother of the thousand eyed Indra who had come down to earth, along with His brother, with great devotion and respect; He also worshipped the Sage who was glowing like fire.

मेने च जामातरमात्मकन्यागुणोचितं रूपनवावतारम् ।
उवाच चास्मै ऋषिरुग्रतेजाः कुरुष्व जामातरमेनमाश्विति ॥ १५॥

15 King Janaka decided that Lord Rama is the one who matches his daughter on all attributes and therefore He would be his son-in-law; The Sage, who had extreme radiance, also told the King to make Him his son-in-law.

स आह चैनं परमं वचस्ते करोमि नात्रास्ति विचारणा मे ।
शृणुष्व मेऽथापि यथा प्रतिज्ञा सुताप्रदानाय कृता पुरस्तात् ॥ १६॥

16 King Janaka told the Sage thus – “Your words are indeed excellent; I will definitely do as you say; Let there be no doubt about it; But, the oath I have taken to give away my daughter in marriage is as follows; Please listen to it”.

तपो मया चीर्णमुमापतेः पुरा वरायुधावाप्तिधृतेन चेतसा ।
स मे ददौ दिव्यमिदं धनुस्तदा कथञ्चनाचाल्यमृते पिनाकिनम् ॥ १७॥

17 “Earlier, I had performed a penance to please Shiva and obtain an excellent weapon; Then, Shiva had granted me this bow; This bow cannot even be moved by anyone apart from Shiva himself”.

न देवदैत्योरगदेवगायका अलं धनुश्चालयितुं सवासवाः ।
कुतो नरास्तद्वरतो हि किङ्करा सहानसैवात्र कृषन्ति कृच्छ्रतः ॥ १८॥

18 “All the devatas including Indra, all the daityas, sarpas and gandharvas cannot even shake this bow; What then to say of humans? Due to Shiva’s boon, many of my workers are able to pull this bow over here together with great effort”.

अधार्यमेतद् धनुराप्य शङ्करादहं नृणां वीर्यपरीक्षणे धृतः ।
सुतार्थमेतां चकर प्रतिज्ञां ददामि कन्यां य इदं हि पूरयेत् ॥ १९॥

19 “I started using the bow which is impossible to handle in order to test the strength and bravery of people; I took an oath for my daughter thus – Whoever lifts and ties this bow, I will give you to that person only”

इतीरितां मे गिरमभ्यवेत्य दितेः सुता दानवयक्षराक्षसाः ।
समेत्य भूपाश्च समीपमाशु प्रगृह्य तच्चालयितुं न शेकुः ॥ २०॥

20 “Hearing of this oath of mine, many daityas, danavas, yakshas, rakshasas and other kings came over here; But they were not even capable of shaking the bow”

संस्विन्नगात्राः परिवृत्तनेत्रा दशाननाद्याः पतिता विमूर्छिताः ।
तथाऽपि मां धर्षयितुं न शेकुः सुताकृते ते वचनां स्वयम्भुवः ॥ २१॥

21 “The ten headed Ravana and others started sweating profusely; Their eyes started rolling; They fell down deeply unconscious; But due to the words of Brahma, none of them were able to bring me under their control”

पुरा हि मेऽदात् प्रभुरब्जजो वरं प्रसादितो मे तपसा कथञ्चन ।
बलान्न ते कश्चिदुपैति कन्यकां तदिच्छुभिस्ते न च धर्षणेति ॥ २२॥

22 “A long time ago, Brahma, who was impressed with my penance, had granted me a boon thus – No one will be able to obtain your daughter’s hand by force; And you will never have any problem with anyone who desires your daughter”

ततस्तु ते नष्टमदा इतो गताः समस्तशो ह्यस्तन एव पार्थिवाः ।
ततो ममायं प्रतिपूर्य मानसं वृणोतु कन्यामयमेव मेऽर्थितः ॥ २३॥

23 “Therefore, all these kings, after their ego has been bruised, have just left from here; So, let Lord Rama please satisfy my inner desire and marry this girl of mine; This is my request”.

तथेति चोक्ते मुनिना स किङ्करैरनन्तभोगोपममाश्वथाऽनयत् ।
समीक्ष्य तद् वामकरेण राघवः सलीलमुद्धृत्य हसन्नपूरयत् ॥ २४॥

24 When the Sage replied (to the King) with “Let it be so”, the King brought the bow, which was like the body of Sesha, through his servants; Lord Raghava saw that and lifted it with His left hand without any effort and raised it near His chest with a smiling face.

विकृष्यमाणं तदनन्तराधसा परेण निःसीमबलेन लीलया ।
अभज्यतासह्यममुष्य तद् बलं प्रसोढुमीशं कुत एव तद् भवेत् ॥ २५॥

25 Lord Rama, who gets everything done by His mere wish, and who is infinitely strong and Supreme, pulled the bow at which it broke; How can the bow sustain His strength when no one in this Universe can?

स मध्यतस्तत् प्रविभज्य लीलया यथेक्षुदण्डं शतमन्युकुञ्जरः ।
विलोकयन् वक्त्रमृषेरवस्थितः सलक्ष्मणः पूर्णतनुर्यथा शशी ॥ २६॥

26 Just like how the elephant of Indra breaks a sugar cane, similarly the Lord broke the bow right in the middle; He stood there, along with Lakshmana, looking at the Sage; Just like how the full moon stands.

तमब्जनेत्रं पृथुतुङ्गवक्षसं श्यामावदातं चलकुण्डलोज्ज्वलम् ।
शशक्षतोत्थोपमचन्दनोक्षितं ददर्श विद्युद्वसनं नृपात्मजा ॥ २७॥

27 The daughter of the King saw the Lord, who had lotus like eyes, broad and excellent chest, radiant skin like that of Indraneela gem, the grace of earrings which were moving, the paste of sandal which was like the blood flowing from a rabbit’s wound, clothes which were shining like lightning.

अथो कराभ्यां प्रतिगृह्य मालामम्लानपद्मां जलजायताक्षी ।
उपेत्य मन्दं लळितैः पदैस्तां तदंस आसज्य च पार्श्वतोऽभवत् ॥ २८॥

28 Then, Sita, whose eyes resemble blossomed lotuses, held a garland of blossomed lotuses with both her hands and, walking very attractively, went towards Lord Rama very slowly; Having placed the garland on His shoulders, she stood beside Him.

ततः प्रमोदो नितरां जनानां विदेहपुर्यामभवत् समन्तात् ।
रामं समालोक्य नरेन्द्रपुत्र्या समेतमानन्दनिधिं परेशम् ॥ २९॥

29 After that, the people of Videha saw, along with the daughter of the King, Lord Rama who is the Supreme, the Lord of even Brahma, the One with infinite forms; Having seen them together, they felt extremely joyed.

लक्ष्म्या समेते प्रकटं रमेशे सम्प्रेषयामास तदाऽऽशु पित्रे ।
विदेहराजो दशदिग्रथाय स तन्निशम्याऽशु तुतोष भूमिपः ॥ ३०॥

30 Lord Ramesha thus got together with Lakshmi in a way that the entire Universe was able to see; The King of Videha sent his messengers to Dasharatha, the father of Lord Rama, with the news; The ruler of the world was extremely joyed upon hearing the news.

अथाऽत्मजाभ्यां सहितः सभार्यो ययौ गजस्यन्दनपत्तियुक्तया ।
स्वसेनयाऽग्रे प्रणिधाय धातृजं वसिष्ठमाश्वेव स यत्र मैथिलः ॥ ३१॥

31 After that, the King, along with his two other sons, and with his wives, and an army of elephants, chariots and sentries proceeded quickly towards the King of Mithila, accompanied by Vashishta, the son of Brahma.

स मैथिलेनातितरां समर्चितो विवाहयामास सुतं मुदम्भरः ।
पुरोहितो गाधिसुतानुमोदितो जुहाव वह्निं विधिना वसिष्ठः ॥ ३२॥

32 King Dasharatha, who was offered a lot of respect by the King Janaka, was filled with ecstasy and conducted the wedding of Lord Rama; His priest sage Vashishta, along with the son of Gadhi, performed all the homas as per the scriptures.

तदा विमानावलिभिर्नभस्तळं दिदृक्षतां सङ्कुलमास नाकिनाम् ।
सुरानका दुन्दभयो’ विनेदिरे जगुश्व गन्धर्ववराः सहस्रशः ॥ ३३॥

33 Then, the sky above was filled with lines of aeroplanes of all the devatas who had rushed there to witness the wedding; Dundubhis, bheris and other instruments were blown; The best of Gandharvas sung together in thousands.

विजानमाना जगतां हि मातरं पुराऽर्थितुं नाऽययुरत्र देवताः ।
तदा तु रामं रमया युतं प्रभुं दिदृक्षवश्चक्रुरलं नभस्तळम् ॥ ३४॥

34 The devatas, who knew fully well that Sita was the mother of the Universe, had never come for her swayamvara; Now, on the other hand, they had decorated the sky with their presence during the wedding in order to witness Lord Rama who had united with His Ramaa.

यथा पुरा सागरजास्वयंवरे सुमानसानामभवत् समागमः ।
तथा ह्यभूत् सर्वदिवौकसां तदा तथा मुनीनां सहभूभृतां भुवि ॥ ३५॥

35 Just like how previously, during the swayamvara of Lakshmi, the entire group of devatas had gathered together, similarly now the entire group of devatas, rishis and kings had gathered together on earth.

Mahabharata Tatparya Nirnaya: Chapter 3: Part 2

मन्वन्तरप्रल्. अये मत्स्यरूपो विद्यामदान्मनवे देवदेवः ।
वैवस्वतायोत्तमसं विदात्मा विष्णोः स्वरूपप्रतिपत्तिरूपाम् । ३.४१ ।

41 During that Manvantara Pralaya, the Lord of the Lords and the One with the supreme knowledge instructed the true form of Lord Vishnu to Vaivasvata Manu in the form of the Matsya; Thus, it is to be understood that the Matsya avatara has the dual purposes of granting Vedas and granting knowledge.

अथो दितेर्ज्येष्ठसुतेन शश्वत्प्रपीडिता ब्रह्मवरात्सुरेशाः ।
हरिं विरिञ्चेन सहोपजग्मुर्दौरात्म्यमस्यापि शशं सुरस्मै । ३.४२ ।

42 Then, the best of devatas who were tormented by the elder son of Diti, Hiranyakashipu, due to the boon of Brahma that he had, approached Lord Hari along with Brahma; They narrated the evil acts of Hiranyakashipu to the Lord.

अभिष्टुतस्तैर्हरिरुग्रवीर्यो नृसिं हरूपेण सआविरासीत् ।
हत्वा हिरण्यं च सुताय तस्य दत्वाऽभयं देवगणानतोषयत् । ३.४३ ।

43 After being requested in multiple ways, Lord Hari, who has extreme valor, appeared in the form of man-lion (Narahari – Narasimha); He killed Hiranyakashipu and comforted his son Prahlada and made the group of devatas very happy.

सुरासुराणामुदधिं विमथ्नतां दधार पृष्ठेन गिरिं स मन्दरम् ।
वरप्रदानादपरैरधार्यं हरस्य कूर्मो बृहदण्डवोढा ॥ ४४॥

44 When the devatas and asuras were churning the ocean, Lord Hari took the form of Kurma, which bears the Universe, and lifted the Mandara mountain on His back; Lifting that mountain was beyond the capability of anyone else due to the boon of Shiva.

वरादजेयत्वमवाप दैत्यराट् चतुर्मुखस्यैव बलिर्यदा तदा ।
अजायतेन्द्रावरजोऽदितेः सुतो महानजोऽप्यब्जभवादिसंस्तुतः ॥ ४५॥

45 When the King of asuras, Bali, due to the boon of Brahma, became invincible, Lord Hari, after being prayed upon by Brahma and others, became the son of Aditi, though He has no birth; Though He is the best amongst all, He became the younger brother of Indra.

स वामनात्माऽसुरभूभृतोऽध्वरं जगाम गां सन्नमयन् पदे पदे ।
जहार चास्माच्छलतस्त्रिविष्टपं त्रिभिः क्रमैस्तच्च ददौ निजाग्रजे ॥ ४६॥

46 The Lord, in the form of Vamana, went to the Yajna of asura King Bali even while making the earth bend down in every step of His; There, He determinedly took away heaven with His three steps; And He handed it over to His older brother Indra.

पितामहेनास्य पुरा हि याचितो बलेः कृते केशव आह यद् वचः ।
नायाञ्चयाऽहं प्रतिहन्मि तं बलिं शुभाननेत्येव ततोऽभ्ययाचत ॥ ४७॥

47 Earlier, when his grandfather Prahlada had requested on behalf of Bali, Lord Keshava had given him a word – “I will not subdue Bali without begging him”; That is why He asked in that manner.

बभूविरे चन्द्रललामतो वरात् पुरा ह्यजेया असुरा धरातळे ।
तैरर्दिता वासवनायकाः सुराः पुरो निधायाब्जजमस्तुवन् हरिम् ॥ ४८॥

48 Long time ago, due to the boon of Shiva, who bears the moon, all the asuras had become invincible and had been born on the earth; Being tormented by them, Indra and others were greatly affected and they prayed to Lord Hari keeping Brahma in front.

विरिञ्चसृष्टैर्नितरामवध्यौ वराद् विधातुर्दितिजौ हिरण्यकौ ।
तथा हयग्रीव उदारविक्रमस्त्वया हता ब्रह्मपुरातनेन ॥ ४९॥

49 “O Lord! Due to the boon of Brahma, Hiranyaksha and Hiranyakashipu, who could not be killed by anyone who was Brahma’s creation were killed by you; And similarly the brave Hayagriva asura was destroyed by You, who are older than even Brahma”

स चासुरान् रुद्रवरादवध्यानिमान् समस्तैरपि देवदेव ।
निःसीमशक्त्यैव निहत्य सर्वान् हृदम्बुजे नो निवसाथ शश्वत् ॥ ५०॥

50 “O Lord of the Lords! Due to the boon of Rudra, these (asuras) cannot be killed by anyone; Please destroy them with your unlimited capability and reside permanently in the Lotus inside of our hearts”

इत्यादरोक्तस्त्रिदशैरजेयः स शार्ङ्गधन्वाऽथ भृगूद्वहोऽभूत् ।
रामो निहत्यासुरपूगमुग्रं नदाननादिर्विदधेऽसृजैव ॥ ५१॥

51 Having been prayed upon respectfully in this way, the Lord, undefeatable and wielder of the Shranga bow, took the avatara of Bhargava Rama; The Lord who has no beginning destroyed the terrible community of asuras and created pools of blood.

ततः पुलस्त्यस्य कुले प्रसूतौ तावादिदैत्यौ जगदेकशत्रू ।
परैरवध्यौ वरतः पुरा हरेः सुरैरजेयौ च वराद् विधातुः ॥ ५२॥

52 Thereafter, the main enemies of the Universe and the first daityas Hiranyaksha and Hiranyakashipu were born in the lineage of Sage Pulastya; Due to the earlier boon of Lord Hari, they could not be killed by anyone else; Due to the boon of Brahma, they were undefeatable by the devatas.

सर्वैरजेयः स च कुम्भकर्णः पुरातने जन्मनि धातुरेव ।
वरान्नरादीनृत एव रावणस्तदातनात् तौ त्रिदशानबाधताम् ॥ ५३॥

53 Due to the boon of Brahma in his previous life, Kumbhakarna was undefeatable by anyone; Due to a boon during the same time, Ravana was undefeatable by anyone apart from humans and monkeys; Both of them started troubling the devatas.

तदाऽब्जजं शूलिनमेव चाग्रतो निधाय देवाः पुरुहूतपूर्वकाः ।
पयोम्बुधौ भोगिपभोगशायिनं समेत्य योग्यां स्तुतिमभ्ययोजयन् ॥ ५४॥

54 Then, keeping the Lotus born Brahma and the wielder of the Trident Shiva in front of them, Indra and the other devatas approached the Lord who was resting on the serpent King Sesha in the Milky Ocean and praised Him with appropriate words.

त्वमेक ईशः परमः स्वतन्त्रस्त्वमादिरन्तो जगतो नियोक्ता ।
त्वदाज्ञयैवाखिलमम्बुजोद्भवा वितेनिरेऽग्र्याश्चरमाश्च येऽन्ये ॥ ५५॥

55 “You alone are the Lord of the Universe; You are the Supreme, Independent; You are the primordial being; You are the creator of the Universe; You are the destructor of the Universe; You are the controller of all; It is only due to Your order that the current and previous Brahmas have created the world; And will do so in the future”.

मनुष्यमानात् त्रिशतं सषष्टिकं दिवौकसामेकमुशन्ति वत्सरम् ।
द्विषट्सहस्रैरपि तैश्चतुर्युगं त्रेतादिभिः पादश एव हीनैः ॥ ५६॥

सहस्त्रवृत्तं तदहः स्वयम्भुवो निशा च तन्मानमितं शरच्छतम् ।
त्वदाज्ञया स्वाननुभूय भोगानुपैति सोऽपि त्वरितस्त्वदन्तिकम् ॥ ५७॥

56, 57 “Measured from the reference of humans, 360 years is known as one year of the devatas; 12 thousand such years are known as one Chaturyuga; One hundred such chaturyugas, filled with Treta and other yugas in which the padas keep reducing and comprising of day, night, fortnight, month and others, is the lifetime of Brahma. This four-faced Brahma too experiences the joys as per his yogyata in accordance with your orders and then quickly comes back to you”

त्वया पुरा कर्णपुटाद् विनिर्मितौ महासुरौ तौ मधुकैटभाख्यौ ।
प्रभञ्जनावेशवशात् तवाऽज्ञया बलोद्धतावाशु जले व्यवर्धताम् ॥ ५८॥

त्वदाज्ञया ब्रह्मवरादवध्यौ चिक्रीडिषासम्भवया मुखोद्गतान् ।
स्वयम्भुवो वेदगणानहार्षतां तदाऽभवस्त्वं हयशीर्ष ईश्वरः ॥ ५९॥

आहृत्य वेदानखिलान् प्रदाय स्वयम्भुवे तौ च जघन्थ दस्यू ।
निष्पीड्य तावूरुतळे कराभ्यां तन्मेदसैवाऽऽशु चकर्थ मेदिनीम् ॥ ६०॥

58, 59, 60 “Previously, you had created two big asuras named Madhu and Kaitabha from your ear lobes region; Under your orders, they obtained the avesha of Vayu and got arrogant about their strength and started growing rapidly in the waters of the Pralaya; Having been born with the intent of playing, and armed with the boon of Brahma making them incapable of being destroyed, they stole the entire Vedas emanating from the face of Brahma; Then, You, the One with all the powers, became ‘Hayagriva’; You returned the Vedas to Brahma and destroyed the two thieves by placing them on Your thighs and quashing them; From their ‘Medas’, you created ‘Medini'”.

एवं सुराणां च निसर्गजं बलं तथाऽसुराणां वरदानसम्भवम् ।
वशे तवैतद् द्वयमप्यतो वयं निवेदयामः पितुरेव तेऽखिलम् ॥ ६१॥

इमौ च रक्षोऽधिपती विरोद्धतौ जहि स्ववीर्येण नृषु प्रभूतः ।
इतीरिते तैरखिलैः सुरेश्वरैर्बभूव रामो जगतीपतिः प्रभुः ॥ ६२॥

61, 62 “In this way, the power of the devatas is natural; Similarly the power of asuras is due to boons; Both these strengths are under your control; Therefore, we are now pleading everything with you, our Father; Please take form as a human on earth and, with your power, destroy these two Rakshasas who are bloated with ego due to the boons”; In this way, the Lord of the Universe and supremely capable Lord Hari was prayed upon by the leaders of the devatas and He took avatara in the form of Rama.

स कश्यपस्यादितिगर्भजन्मनो विवस्वतस्तन्तुभवस्य भूभृतः ।
गृहे दशस्यन्दननामिनोऽभूत् कौसल्यकानाम्नि तदर्थिनेष्टः ॥ ६३ ॥

63 Lord Rama took avatara, after a Yajna was performed for the same, in the womb of Kousalya, the queen of Dasharatha, who was the King born in the lineage of the Sun, which was the lineage of Kashyapa through Aditi.

तदाज्ञया देवगणा बभूविरे पुरैव पश्चादपि तस्य भूम्नः ।
निषेवणायोरुगुणस्य वानरेष्वथो नरेष्वेव च पश्चिमोद्भवाः ॥ ६४॥

64 In order to specially serve the Lord, who is complete and bears all great attributes, the groups of devatas took avataras on earth, as per His orders; Amongst Vanaras (monkeys), they were born both before and after His avatara; But amongst humans, all were born after Him.

स देवतानां प्रथमो गुणाधिको बभूव नाम्ना हनुमान् प्रभञ्जनः ।
स्वसम्भवः केसरिणो गृहे प्रभुर्बभूव वाली स्वत एव वासवः ॥ ६५॥

65 Amongst the devatas, the first one and the one with more attributes than the others, that is Lord Vayu, took avatara as the son of Vanara Kesari’s wife through himself, as ‘Hanuman’; Indra was born due to himself as ‘Vali’.

सुग्रीव आसीत् परमेष्ठितेजसा युतो रविः स्वात्मत एव जाम्बवान् ।
य एव पूर्वं परमेष्ठिवक्षसस्त्वगुद्भवो धर्म इहाऽस्यतोऽभवत् ॥ ६६॥

66 Surya was born, along with the avesha of Brahma, as ‘Sugreeva’ by himself; Similarly, Yama Dharma became ‘Jambavan’; Yama was first born from the Tvag indriya near the chest of Brahma; Later he was born as Jambavan from Brahma’s mouth.

य एव सूर्यात् पुनरेव सञ्ज्ञया नाम्ना यमो दक्षिणदिक्प आसीत् ।
स जाम्बवान् दैवतकार्यदर्शिना पुरैव सृष्टो मुखतः स्वयम्भुवा ॥ ६७॥

67 That Yama Dharma was born from Surya’s wife Sanjnadevi as Yama and became the caretaker of the southern direction; Jambavan was born earlier itself from the mouth of Brahma, who knows all the activities of the devatas.

ब्रह्मोद्भवः सोम उतास्य सूनोरत्रेरभूत् सोऽङ्गद एव जातः ।
बृहस्पतिस्तार उतो शची च शक्रस्य भार्यैव बभूव तारा ॥ ६८॥

68 Chandra, who was first born from Brahma, was born again as the son of Sage Atri who himself was Brahma’s son; That Chandra was born as ‘Angada’; Bruhaspati was born as ‘Tara’; Indra’s wife Shachi was born as ‘Taraa’.

बृहस्पतिर्ब्रह्मसुतोऽपि पूर्वं सहैव शच्या मनसोऽभिजातः ।
ब्रह्मोद्भवस्याङ्गिरसः सुतोऽभून्मारीचजस्यैव शची पुलोम्नः ॥ ६९॥

69 Bruhaspati is the son of Brahma; At first, he was born, along with Shachi, from the mind of Brahma; He was then born as the son of Sage Angirasa, who was the son of Brahma; Shachi was born again as the daughter of Sage Puloma, who was the son of Sage Kashyapa, who in turn was the son of Sage Marichi.

स एव शच्या सह वानरोऽभूत् स्वसम्भवो देवगुरुर्बृहस्पतिः ।
अभूत् सुषेणो वरुणोऽश्विनौ च बभूवतुस्तौ विविदश्च मैन्दः ॥ ७०॥

70 That guru of the devatas, Bruhaspati, was born by himself as a Vanara along with Shachi; Varuna took avatara as ‘Sushena’; The Ashwini devata twins were born as ‘Mainda’ and ‘Vivida’.

ब्रह्मोद्भवौ तौ पुनरेव सूर्याद् बभूवतुस्तत्र कनीयसस्तु ।
आवेश ऐन्द्रो वरदानतोऽभूत् ततो बलीयान् विविदो हि मैन्दात् ॥ ७१॥

71 The Ashwini twins were first born as the sons of Brahma through his nostrils; They then were born as the sons of Surya; Due to a boon, Vivida had the avesha of Indra in him; He was therefore more powerful than Mainda.

नीलोऽग्निरासीत् कमलोद्भवोत्थः कामः पुनः श्रीरमणाद् रमायाम् ।
प्रद्युम्ननामाऽभवदेवमीशात् स स्कन्दतामाप स चक्रतां च ॥ ७२॥

72 Agni, who was born from Brahma, became ‘Neela’; Kama, who was born from Brahma, was born as ‘Pradyumna’ due to Lord Krishna, the consort of Sri, in the Rukmini form of Mahalakshmi; He also was born from Shiva as ‘Skanda’; And he is also the presiding diety of the Sudarshana Chakra.

पूर्वं हरेश्चक्रमभूद्धि दुर्गा तमःस्थिता श्रीरिति यां वदन्ति ।
सत्त्वात्मिका शङ्खमथो रजस्था भूर्नामिका पद्ममभूद्धरेर्हि ॥ ७३॥

73 ‘Durga’, who is the presiding diety of Tamas, was Lord Hari’s ‘Chakra’ earlier; The presiding diety of Satva, the ‘Sri’ form of Ramaa devi was the ‘Shankha’; The presiding diety of Rajas, the ‘Bhu’ form of Lakshmi, was also the presiding diety of ‘Padma’.

गदा तु वायुर्बलसंविदात्मा शार्ङ्गश्च विद्येति रमैव खड्गः ।
दुर्गात्मिका सैव च चर्मनाम्नी पञ्चात्मको मारुत एव बाणाः ॥ ७४॥

74 Vayu, who is the Lord of knowledge and strength, is the presiding diety of the Lord’s ‘Gada’ (mace); The diety of education, Sarasvati, is the diety of the ‘Shranga bow’; The Durga form of Lakshmi is the diety of ‘Charma’ (Gurani); The five forms of Vayu, viz Prana, Apana, Vyana, Udana and Samana, are the dieties of the Lord’s (five) arrows.

एवं स्थितेष्वेव पुरातनेषु वराद् रथाङ्गत्वमवाप कामः ।
तत्सूनुतामाप च सोऽनिरुद्धो ब्रह्मोद्भवः शङ्खतनुः पुमात्मा ॥ ७५॥

75 The ancient Chakra and others are thus; Kama, with the grace of Lord Hari, became the alternate diety of the Chakra and also obtained control over the word Chakra; Aniruddha, who was born from Brahma, became the son of Kama; He became the presiding diety of the Purusha Jiva and, due to a boon, also became the alternate diety of the Shankha.

तावेव जातौ भरतश्च नाम्ना शत्रुघ्न इत्येव च रामतोऽनु ।
पूर्वं सुमित्रातनयश्च शेषः स लक्ष्मणो नाम रघूत्तमादनु ॥ ७६॥

76 These two were born as ‘Bharata’ and ‘Shatrughna’, after the birth of Lord Rama; Prior to this, Sesha was born after Lord Rama as ‘Lakshmana’, the son of Sumitra.

कौसल्यकापुत्र उरुक्रमोऽसावेकस्तथैको भरतस्य मातुः ।
उभौ सुमित्रातनयौ नृपस्य चत्वार एते ह्यमरोत्तमा सुताः ॥ ७७॥

77 Lord Rama, who is Lord Hari himself, was the only son of Kousalya; Similarly, Bharata was the only son of his mother Kaikeyi; The other two were sons of Sumitra; In this way, the four best amongst the devatas were born as the sons of King Dasharatha.

सङ्कर्षणाद्यैस्त्रिभिरेव रूपैराविष्ट आसीत् त्रिषु तेषु विष्णुः ।
इन्द्रोऽङ्गदे चैव ततोऽङ्गदो हि बली नितान्तं स बभूव शश्वत् ॥ ७८॥

78 Lord Hari, in his Sankarshana and other two forms, had an avesha of Himself in Lakshmana and the other two; Similarly, Indra had an avesha in Angada; Hence, Angada became very powerful.

येऽन्ये च भूपाः कृतवीर्यजाद्या बलाधिकाः सन्ति सहस्रशोऽपि ।
सर्वे हरेः सन्निधिभावयुक्ता धर्मप्रधानाश्च गुणप्रधानाः ॥ ७९॥

79 In Kartiveeryaarjuna and the other thousand Emperors who had extreme strength, who were very dharmic and who had all noble attributes, Lord Hari’s special sannidhi was present in them.

स्वयं रमा सीरत एव जाता सीतेति रामार्थमनूपमा या ।
विदेहराजस्य हि यज्ञभूमौ सुतेति तस्यैव ततस्तु साऽभूत् ॥ ८०॥

80 Then, Mahalakshmi, who is without a comparison, took avatara to serve Lord Rama through a plough; She came to be known as the daughter of Janaka, King of Videha, as she came about in the field of Yajna of the King.

इत्यादिकल्पोत्थित एष सर्गो मया समस्तागमनिर्णयात्मकः ।
सहानुसर्गः कथितोऽत्र पूर्वो यो यो गुणैर्नित्यमसौ वरो हि ॥ ८१॥

81 In this way, after referring to the Agamas, the entire details of the initial creation (outside the realm of the Universe) and the subsequent creation (within the Universe) has been decisively stated by me; In this, those who were born earlier are always greater in attributes than those born later; This is certain.

पाश्चात्त्यकल्पेष्वपि सर्गभेदाः श्रुतौ पुराणेष्वपि चान्यथोक्ताः ।
नोत्कर्षहेतुः प्रथमत्वमेषु विशेषवाक्यैरवगम्यमेतत् ॥ ८२॥

82 The differences in creation stated in the later Kalpas have been stated differently in the Shrutis and Puranas when compared with the details of creation of the previous two Kalpas; In those Sargas, earlier birth is not a reason for supremacy; This truth is to be understood through the special statements (pramanas).

|| इति श्रीमदानन्दतीर्थभगवत्पादाचार्यविरचिते श्रीमहाभारततात्पर्यनिर्णये सर्गानुसर्गलयप्रादुर्भावनिर्णयो नाम तृतीयोऽध्यायः ||

|| End of chapter 3, known as Sargaanursarga Pralaya Pradurbhava Nirnaya, from the Mahabharata Tatparya Nirnaya,  composed by Srimadanandatirtha Bhagavatpada ||

|| Sri Krishnaarpanamastu ||

Mahabharata Tatparya Nirnaya: Chapter 3: Part 1

|| OM namo bhagavate vasudevaya OM ||

जयत्यजोऽखण्डगुणोरुमण्डलः सदोदितो ज्ञानमरीचिमाली ।
स्वभक्तहार्दोच्चतमोनिहन्ता व्यासावतारो हरिरात्मभास्करः । ३.१ ।

1 Lord Veda Vyasa, who has completeness, knowledge and other such attributes as His body, who is always risen, who has the garland of the rays of knowledge on Him always, who destroys the darkness of ignorance from the hearts of His devotees, who is a self-luminous Sun, is Supreme.

जयत्यजोऽक्षीणसुखात्मबिम्बः स्वैश्वर्यकान्तिप्रततः सदोदितः ।
स्वभक्तसन्तापदुरिष्टहन्ता रामावतारो हरिरीशचन्द्रमाः । ३.२ ।

2 Lord Sri Hari in the avatara of Rama is Supreme; He is without birth or death and has bliss as His body; He is illuminated by the radiance of Aishwarya; He is always glowing; He destroys the troubles of His devotees; He is the prime moon in the universe.

जयत्यसङ्ख्योरुबलाम्बुपूरो गुणोच्चरत्नाकर आत्मवैभवः ।
सदा सदात्मज्ञनदीभिराप्यः कृष्णावतारो हरिरेकसागरः । ३.३ ।

3 Lord Sri Hari in the avatara of Krishna is Supreme; He is filled with the waters of infinite and complete strength; He is the abode of the best attributes which are like gems; He is a great ocean who is attained by those knowledgeable people who know Him as the best there is and that He is full of auspicious wealth.

नारायणं नमस्कृत्य नरं चैव नरोत्तमम् ।
देवीं सरस्वतीं व्यासं ततो जयमुदीरये । ३.४।

4 I offer my namaskara to Narayana, Nara, Narottama, Devi, Saraswati and Vyasa and then narrate the Jaya (Mahabharata).

जयो नामेतिहासोऽयं कृष्णद्वैपायनेरितः ।
वायुर्नरोत्तमो नाम देवीति श्रीरुदीरिता । ३.५ ।
नारायणो व्यास इति वाच्यवक्तृस्वरूपकः ।
एकः स भगवानुक्तः साधकेशो नरोत्तमः । ३.६ ।
उपसाधको नरश्चोक्तो देवी भाग्यात्मिका नृणाम् ।
सरस्वती वाक्यरूपा तस्मान्नम्या हि तेऽखिलाः ।
कृष्णौ सत्या भीमपार्थौ कृष्णेत्युक्ता हिभारते । ३.७ ।

5, 6, 7 The Bharata which has been narrated by Lord Vyasa as ‘Jaya’ is history; Narottama is Vayu; Mahalakshmi has been addressed as Devi; Lord Narayana is the main theme of the work; Lord Vyasa is the author of the work; Both these are Paramatma Himself; Narottama Vayudeva is the prime instrument; Nara is the secondary instrument; Mahalakshmi is the giver of auspicious wealth & luck; Sarasvati is the abhimanini of speech; Hence all of them are worthy of worship at the commencement of the work; All of them have been propagated in the work itself as Vasishta Krishna, Yadava Krishna, Satyabhama, Bhimasena, Arjuna and Draupadi.

सर्वस्य निर्णयसुवाक्यसमुद्धृती तुस्वाध्याययोर्हरिपदस्मरणेन कृत्वा ।
आनन्दतीर्थवरनामवती तृतीया भौमी तनुर्मरुत आह कथाः परस्य । ३.८ ।

8 The third avatara of Vayudeva, who goes by the name of Anandatirtha, after having established the purport of all shastras and having highlighted the cream of all statements in all shastras in the first two chapters, is now narrating the stories of the Lord.

व्यूढश्चतुर्धा भगवान् स एको मायां श्रियं सृष्टिविधित्सयाऽर ।
रूपेण पूर्वेण सवासुदेवनाम्ना विरिञ्चं सुषुवे च साऽतः । ३.९ ।

9 The Lord, who is without any difference in His forms, having taken the four forms, with an intention to create, had contact with the Maya form of Lakshmi through His first form ‘Vasudeva’; Then, Maya gave birth to ‘Virincha’ (Brahma).

सङ्कर्षणाच्चापि जयातनूजो बभूव साक्षाद्बलसं विदात्मा ।
वायुर्य एवाथ विरिञ्चनामा भविष्य आद्यो न परस्ततो हि । ३.१० ।

10 Through the Sankarshana form of the Lord and the Jaya form of Mahalakshmi, Vayu, who is the abode of knowledge and strength was born as a son; This Vayu is the designated first born ‘Virincha’ in the next Kalpa; Therefore there is none superior to him.

सूत्रं स वायुः पुरुषो विरिञ्चः प्रद्युम्नतश्चाथ कृतौ स्त्रियौ द्वे ।
प्रजज्ञतुर्यमल्. ए तत्र पूर्वा प्रधानसञ्ज्ञा प्रकृतिर्जनित्री । ३.११ ।

11 That Vayu is ‘Sutra’; Virincha is ‘Purusha’; Then, through the ‘Kruti’ form of Lakshmi, the Pradyumna form of the Lord created female twins; The first amongst them is known as ‘Pradhana’; This mother of Shiva and others came to be known as ‘Prakruti’.

श्रद्धा द्वितीयाऽथ तयोश्च योगो बभूव पुं सैव च सूत्रनाम्ना ।
हरेर्नियोगादथ सम्प्रसूतौ शेषः सुपर्णण्स्च तयोः सहैव । ३.१२ ।
शेषस्तयोरेव हि जीवनामा कालात्मकः सोऽथ सुपर्ण आसीत् ।
तौ वाहनं शयनं चैव विष्णोः काला जयाद्याण्स्च तत प्रसूताः । ३.१३ ।

12, 13 ‘Shraddha’ is the second one; The two of them got together with Purusha (Brahma) and Sutra (Vayu) respectively; From these two, with the orders of Lord Sri Hari, Shesha and Suparna (Garuda) were born; Shesha is also known as ‘Jiva’; Garuda became the controller of Time; The two of them became the vehicle and rest (bed) of Lord Vishnu; From the two of them (respectively), the attendants of Lord Vishnu by the name of Kala (and others) and Jaya-Vijaya (and others) were born.

काला जयाद्या अपि विष्णुपार्षदा यस्मादण्डात्परतः सम्प्रसूताः ।
नीचाः सुरेभ्यस्तत एव तेऽखिला विष्वक्सेनो वायुजः खेन तुल्यः । ३.१४ ।

14 ‘Kala’ and ‘Jaya’ and others who are the presiding dieties of time are indeed the attendants of Lord Vishnu; All of them are created prior to the creation of the Universe, outside of the Universe creation process; Hence they are lesser than the devatas in hierarchy; Amongst these attendants, Vishvaksena is the son of Vayu and equal to Ganesha.

व्यूहात्तृतीयात्पुनरेव विष्णोर्देवां श्चतुर्वर्णगतान् समस्तान् ।
सङ्गृह्य बीजात्मतयाऽनिरुद्धो न्यधत्त शान्त्यां त्रिगुणात्मिकायाम् । ३.१५ ।

15 The Aniruddha form of the Lord took all the devatas, from all four Varnas, from the Pradyumna form of Himself and seeded them in Shanti (Lakshmi) who is the presiding diety of the three Gunas.

ततो महत्तत्त्वतनुर्विरिञ्चः स्थूलात्मनैवाजनि वाक्च देवी ।
तस्यामहङ्कारतनुं स रुद्रं ससर्ज बुद्धिं च तदर्द्धदेहाम् । ३.१६ ।

16 Then, from the form of Shanti devi, the presiding diety of Mahat tattva, ‘Virinchi’ and the presiding diety of speech, ‘Saraswati’, were born in their gross (material) form; Virinchi, in Sarasvati, created the presiding diety of Ahamkara tattva ‘Rudra’ and his half-bodied presiding diety of intellect ‘Uma’.

बुद्ध्यामुमायां स शिवस्त्रिरूपो मनश्च वैकारिकदेवसङ्घान् ।
दशेन्द्रियाण्येव च तैजसानि क्रमेण खादीन् विषयैश्च सार्द्धम् । ३.१७ ।

17 The three formed Shiva, along with Uma, the presiding diety of intellect created the presiding dieties of the mind and the ten sensory organs from the Vaikarika Ahamkara tattva; From the Taijasa Ahamkara tattva, he created the ten sense organs and from the Tamasa Ahamkara, he created the five Bhutas (space, air, water, fire and earth) and the five matras associated with them (sound, touch, taste, sight and smell).

पुं सः प्रकृत्यां च पुनर्विरिञ्चाच्छिवोऽथ तस्मादखिलाः सुरेशाः ।
जाताः सशक्राः पुनरेव सूत्राच्छ्रद्धा सुतानाप सुरप्रवीरान् ।
शेषं शिवं चेन्द्रमथेन्द्रतश्च सर्वे सुरा यज्ञगणाण्स्च जाताः । ३.१८ ।

18 The ‘purusha’ form of Virincha, along with the ‘prakruti’ form of Sarasvati, gave birth to Shiva; From Shiva, Indra and the other devatas were born; Then, the ‘Shraddha’ form of Bharati, along with the ‘Sutra’ form of Vayu, obtained the great devatas Sesha, Shiva and Indra as sons. Thereafter, from Indra, all the other devatas and the group who are the presiding dieties of Yajnas were born.

पुनश्च माया त्रिविधा बभूव सत्त्वादिरूपैरथ वासुदेवात् ।
सत्त्वात्मिकायां स बभूव तस्मात्स विष्णुनामैव निरन्तरोऽपि ।
रजस्तनौ चैव विरिञ्च आसीत्तमस्तनौ शर्व इति त्रयोऽस्मात् । ३.१९ ।

19 Then again, the ‘Mayaa’ form of Mahalakshmi took the three forms of ‘Sri’, ‘Bhu’ and ‘Durga’ which are the controller dieties of Satva, Rajas and Tamas Gunas; In Sri, Vasudeva form of the Lord took avatara as ‘Vishnu’; With the Bhu form of Lakshmi which is the diety of Rajas, He took avatara as ‘Virincha’; And in the Durga form which is the diety of Tamas, He took avatara as ‘Sharva’ (Shiva); Thus, the three forms which came about from Him are not different from Him.

एते हि देवाः पुनरण्डसृष्टावशक्नुवन्तो हरिमेत्य तुष्टुवुः ।
त्वं नो जगच्चित्रविचित्रसर्गनिस्सीमशक्तिः कुरु सन्निकेतम् । ३.२० ।

20 All these devatas, who were incapable of creation, approached Lord Hari and praised Him – “You who possess limitless capability in creating an amazing Universe please grant us a proper place”

इति स्तुतस्तैः पुरुषोत्तमोऽसौ स विष्णुनामा ण्स्रियमाप सृष्टये ।
सुषाव सैवाण्डमधोक्षजस्य शुष्मं हिरण्यात्मकमम्बुमध्ये । ३.२१ ।

21 Lord Purushottama, after being praised thus, accepted Mahalakshmi in order to create the Universe; That Sri Devi accepted the golden semen of the Lord Adhokshaja and gave birth in the middle of water.

तस्मिन् प्रविष्टा हरिणैव सार्द्धं सर्वे सुरास्तस्य बभूव नाभेः ।
लोकात्मकं पद्मममुष्य मध्ये पुनर्विरिञ्चोऽजनि सद्गुणात्मा । ३.२२ ।

22 All the devatas, along with Sri Hari Himself, then entered the Universe; From the navel of the Lord, a Lotus which was the base of the Universe came about; In the middle of that, the four-headed Brahma who is the form of noble attributes was born again.

तस्मात्पुनः सर्वसुराः प्रसूतास्ते जानमाना अपि निर्णयाय ।
निस्सृत्य कायादुत पद्मयोनेः सम्प्राविशन् क्रमशो मारुतान्ताः । ३.२३ ।

23 From Lord Brahma, all the devatas were once again born; Even though all of them knew of (the superiority of) Vayu, in order to establish the truth in the Universe, all of them came out from the body of Brahma who came about from the Lotus; They then entered it again.

पपात वायोर्गमनाच्छरीरं तस्यैव चाऽवेशत उत्थितं पुनः ।
तस्मात्स एको विबुधप्रधान इत्याण्स्रिता देवगणास्तमेव ।
हरेर्विरिञ्चस्य च मध्यसं स्थितेस्तदन्यदेवाधिपतिः स मारुतः । ३.२४ ।

24 As soon as Vayu left, the body fell down; As soon as he entered it, it got up again; Therefore, Lord Vayu alone is the best amongst all devatas; Therefore, the entire group of devatas are always under the resort of Vayu; Sri Hari and Brahma were inactive (in order to establish supremacy of Vayu); Therefore, apart from the two of them, Lord Vayu is the controller of all the other devatas.

ततो विरिञ्चो भुवनानि सप्त ससप्तकान्याण्सु चकार सोऽब्जात् ।
तस्माच्च देवा ऋषयः पुनश्च वैकारिकाद्याः सशिवा बभूवुः । ३.२५ ।

25 After that, Brahma created the fourteen worlds without any effort; And then from Brahma, Shiva and the Vaikarika devatas and Rishis were born.

अग्रे शिवोऽहम्भव एव बुद्धेरुमा मनोजौ सह शक्रकामौ ।
गुरुर्मनुर्दक्ष उतानिरुद्धः सहैव पश्चान्मनसः प्रसूताः । ३.२६ ।
चक्षुः श्रुतिभ्यां स्पर्शात्सहैव रविः शशी धर्म इमे प्रसूताः ।
जिह्वाभवो वारिपतिर्नसोश्च नासत्यदस्रौ क्रमशः प्रसूताः । ३.२७ ।

26, 27 From ‘Ahankara’ came Shiva first; Then came ‘Uma’ from ‘Buddhi’ and then Indra and Kama came together; Then, from the mind, Bruhaspati, Manu, Daksha, Aniruddha along with Shachi Devi came about; From the eyes and ears and from the skin came Surya, Chandra and Yama; Varuna was born from the tongue; From the nostrils came Nasatya and Dasra in order.

ततः सनाद्याण्स्च मरीचिमुख्या देवाण्स्च सर्वे क्रमशः प्रसूताः ।
ततोऽसुराद्या ऋषयो मनुष्या जगद्विचित्रं च विरिञ्चतोऽभूत् । ३.२८ ।

28 After that, Sanaka and the other three and Marichi and the other devatas, and other animals were born; After that, Asuras and other Rakshasas, Rishis and Humans were born; From Brahma, thereafter, this unique and special world was also created.

उक्तक्रमात्पूर्वभवस्तु यो यः श्रेष्ठः स स ह्यासुरकानृते च ।
पूर्वस्तु पश्चात्पुनरेव जातो नाण्स्रेष्ठतामेति कथञ्चिदस्य ।

29 In this order of creation, except Asuras, the one who is born first is better than the one born later; In the subsequent recreation cycles, if the first born is born later, even then he will not be lesser than the (now) first born in any way.

गुणास्तु कालात्पितृमातृदोषात्स्वकर्मतो वाऽभिभवं प्रयान्ति । ३.२९ ।
लयो भवेद्व्युत्क्रमतो हि तेषां ततो हरिः प्रल्. अये श्रीसहायः ।

30 The attributes, by virtue of the impact of time, the defects of father and mother or because of prarabdha karma will go down; The ones born in this way will undergo destruction cyclically; During pralaya, Lord Hari remains along with Mahalakshmi.

शेतेनिजानन्दममन्दसान्द्रसन्दोहमेकोऽनुभवन्ननन्तः । ३.३० ।
अनन्तशीर्षास्यकरोरुपादः सोऽनन्तमूर्तिः स्वगुणाननन्तान् ।
अनन्तशक्तिः परिपूर्णभोगो भुञ्जन्नजस्रं निजरूप आस्ते । ३.३१ ।

31 The Lord, during Pralaya, along with Sri, will be sleeping experiencing complete, unlimited, whole and natural bliss. He will have infinite heads, faces, hands, thighs and feet; With infinite forms, infinite strength and unlimited joy, the Lord will remain in His original form experiencing bliss, knowledge and the other infinite attributes continuously.

एवं पुनः सृजते सर्वमेतदनाद्यनन्तो हि जगत्प्रवाहः ।
नित्याण्स्च जीवाः प्रकृतिश्च नित्या कालश्च नित्यः किमु देवदेवः । ३.३२ ।

32 Lord Hari in this way recreates the entire Universe; In this way, the flow of this Universe is without a beginning or an end; The souls are also eternal; Nature is eternal too; Time, also, is eternal; Need it be said explicitly that the Lord of the Lords is also eternal?

यथा समुद्रात्सरितः प्रजाताः पुनस्तमेव प्रविशन्ति शश्वत् ।
एवं हरेर्नित्यजगत्प्रवाहस्तमेव चासौ प्रविशत्यजस्रम् । ३.३३ ।

33 Just like the way rivers, that originate from the ocean, go and join the ocean again, similarly, this eternal and real flow of the Universe gets created by Lord Hari and then always joins Him again.

एवं विदुर्ये परमामनन्तामजस्य शक्तिं पुरुषोत्तमस्य ।
तस्य प्रसादादथ दग्धदोषास्तमाप्नुवन्त्याण्सु परं सुरेशम् । ३.३४ ।

34 In this way, those who understand the special, infinite and eternal capabilities of Lord Purushottama will have all their defects burnt away due to His grace; They will also reach Him, who is the Lord of all devatas and is full of attributes, very quickly.

देवानिमान्मुक्तसमस्तदोषान् स्वसन्निधाने विनिवेश्य देवः ।
पुनस्तदन्यानधिकारयोग्यां स्तत्तद्गणानेव पदे नियुङ्क्ते । ३.३५ ।

35 Lord Hari will retain in His abode those devatas who have liberated from all their defects and appoint similar devatas with equal yogyata and from the same hierarchical group, in the place of the former(s).

पुनश्च मारीचत एव देवा जाता आदित्यामसुराण्स्च दित्याम् ।
गावो मृगाः पक्ष्युरगादिसत्त्वा दाक्षायणीष्वेव समस्तशोऽपि । ३.३६ ।

36 From Sage Kashyapa Devatas were born again through Aditi and Asuras were born from Diti; Cows, animals, birds, snakes and all other creatures too were born (from Kashyapa) through the daughters of Daksha.

ततः स मग्नामलयो लयोदधौ महीं विलोक्याऽशु हरिर्वराहः ।
भूत्वा विरिञ्चार्थ इमां सशैलामुद्धृत्य वारामुपरि न्यधात्स्थिरम् । ३.३७ ।

37 Then, Lord Hari, who never undergoes an end, having seen the earth submerged in the ocean of pralaya, quickly took the avatara of Varaha and for the sake of Brahma lifted the mountain filled earth from the ocean and stabilized it on the surface.

अथाब्जनाभप्रतिहारपालौ शापात्त्रिशो भूमितल्. एऽभिजातौ ।
दित्यां हिरण्यावथ राक्षसौ च पैतृष्वसेयौ च हरेः परस्तात् । ३.३८ ।

38 After that, the doorkeepers of Lord Hari (Jaya-Vijaya) were born thrice on earth due to a curse; In Diti, they were first born as Hiranyakashipu-Hiranyaksha; Then they were born as two Rakshasas (Ravana-Kumbhakarna); Then they took avatara as the nephews of Lord Hari (Krishna avatara – as Shishupala-Dantavakra).

हतो हिरण्याक्ष उदारविक्रमो दितेः सुतो योऽवरजः सुरार्थे ।
धात्राऽर्थितेनैव वराहरूपिणा धरोद्धृतौ पूर्वहतोऽब्जजोद्भवः । ३.३९ ।

39 Among the two sons of Diti, the younger one Hiranyaksha was killed by Lord Hari due to the prayers of Brahma who did so for the sake of the devatas; During the incident of the earth being lifted from the ocean, the Hiranyaksha who was first killed was born from Brahma.

अथो विधातुर्मुखतो विनिः सृतान् वेदान् हयास्यो जगृहेऽसुरेन्द्रः ।
निहत्य तं मत्स्यवपुर्जुगोप मनुं मुनीं स्तां श्च ददौ विधातुः । ३.४० ।

40 After that, a powerful asura named Hayagriva stole the Vedas that emanated from the face of Brahma; Lord Hari, in the form of the Matsya avatara, destroyed the asura and protected Vaivasvata Manu and the Rishis during the Manvantara Pralaya; He returned the stolen Vedas back to Brahma.